Hagia Irene: Mwala Wobisika wa Byzantine wa Istanbul

Hagia Irene imayima ngati imodzi mwa Ku Istanbul chodabwitsa kwambiri koma chosanyalanyazidwa Zachuma za Byzantine. Pamene mamiliyoni akukhamukira kwa mnansi wake wotchuka, a Hagia Sophia, tchalitchi chakalechi chidakali malo opatulika amtendere omwe amapatsa alendo kuwona mwachidule Zakale zachikhristu za Constantinople. Yomangidwa mu 6th m'zaka ndipo sadalowe Msikiti; Hagia Irene imasunga chiyambi chake Chikhalidwe cha Byzantine monga palibe chipilala china mu mzinda.

Buku lathunthu ili likuthandizani kudziwa zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza kuyendera Hagia Irene, kuchokera ku chidwi chake m'mbiri ku chidziwitso chothandiza kuyenda, kuphatikizapo ndalama zolowera, maola otsegulira, ndi zomwe mungayembekezere paulendo wanu.

Kuyendera Hagia Irene: Zambiri Zothandiza

Kukonzekera ulendo wanu Hagia Irene kumafuna kumvetsetsa mfundo zothandiza zimene zingakuthandizeni kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi zimene mwakumana nazo.

Malo a Hagia Irene

Hagia Irene ili mkati mwa bwalo lakunja la Topkapi Palace in Chigawo cha Sultanahmet ku Istanbul. Adilesi yake ndi Cankurtaran, 34122 Fatih/Istanbul. Mpingo umakhala mu bwalo loyamba za nyumba yachifumu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alendo azifika mosavuta.

Maola Otsegulira a Hagia Irene

Maola otsegulira a Hagia Irene zimasiyana malinga ndi nyengo ndi zochitika zapadera:

Maola Okhazikika:

• Lachiwiri mpaka Lamlungu: 9: 00 AM kwa 5: 00 PM
• Monday: anatseka
• Kuloledwa komaliza: 4: 30 PM

Zolinga Zapadera:

• Maola akhoza kukhala kukulitsidwa m’miyezi yachilimwe
• Konsati ndi zochitika zapadera zingakhudze maola oyendera nthawi zonse
• Maholide achipembedzo zingakhudze nthawi zotsegulira

Malipiro Olowera a Hagia Irene

Kapangidwe ka chindapusa cha Hagia Irene ndi zowongoka:

Kuloledwa kokhazikika:

• wamkulu matikiti: 30 Turkish Lira (pafupifupi $1.50 USD)
• Ophunzira omwe ali ndi ID yovomerezeka: 15 Turkey Lira
• Ana osakwana zaka 12: Kulowa ulele

Museum Pass Zosankha:

• Istanbul Museum Pass: Zimaphatikizapo Hagia Irene pamodzi ndi malo ena osungiramo zinthu zakale akuluakulu
• Matikiti ophatikizana a Topkapi Palace: Zilipo kwa alendo omwe akukonzekera kuwona zokopa zonse ziwiri

Kufika Kumeneko

mathiransipoti:

• Sitimamu: Tengani T1 mzere ku Sultanahmet station
• Basi: Mabasi angapo amapereka njira zingapo Malo a Sultanahmet
• Njanji zapansi panthaka: Lumikizani ku mizere ya tram kuti mufike ku mbiri peninsula

Mayendedwe:

kuchokera Sultanahmet Square, yendani ku Topkapi Palace. Lowani kudzera mu Chipata cha Imperial ndi kupitiriza ku bwalo loyamba kumene mungapeze Hagia Irene kudzanja lako lamanja.

Zomwe Muyenera Kuyembekezera Paulendo Wanu

Ulendo wamba ku Hagia Irene chimakhala Mphindi 45 mpaka 1 ora. Zochitika zikuphatikizapo:

• Kufufuza kodzitsogolera kwa main nave ndi abscess
• Kuwona kwa Chithunzi chojambula chojambula chojambula
• Kuyamikira kwa tsatanetsatane wa zomangamanga ndi Amayimbidwe katundu
• Kujambula mwayi (kujambula kwa flash kungakhale koletsedwa)

Zowonetsa Pafupi ndi Hagia Irene

Malo omwe Hagia Irene mkati Chigawo chodziwika bwino cha Sultanahmet ku Istanbul imapereka mwayi wofikira kuzinthu zina zambiri zokopa, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino tsiku lonse lowonera malo.

Topkapi Palace

• Zimaphatikizapo Hagia Irene mkati mwa zovuta zake.
• Anatumikira monga nyumba ya Atsogoleri a Ottoman kwa kutha zaka 400.
• Features zosonkhanitsira wa Zojambula za Chisilamu, zidandipo zinthu zakale zachifumu.
• Plan hours 2-3 kufufuza mabwalo ndi museums.

Hagia Sophia

• Kuyenda pang'ono kuchokera Hagia Irene.
• An zodabwitsa za zomangamanga umene unkatumikira monga mpingo ndi mzikiti.
• Amapereka chosiyana ndi Hagia Irene ndi mawonetsero Zomangamanga za Byzantine.

Blue Mosque (Msikiti wa Sultan Ahmed)

• Yopezeka kutsidya lina Hagia Sophia.
• Mwaluso wa Zomangamanga za mzikiti wa Ottoman ndi asanu ndi mmodzi minarets ndi cascading domes.
• Ochita kupembedza; alendo ayenera kulemekeza nthawi zopemphera ndi mavalidwe.

Chitsime cha Basilica

• Pansi pa nthaka Blue.
• Zina a nkhalango ya mizati ndipo amapereka kuthawa kozizira kutentha.

Istanbul Archaeological Museums

• Pafupi ndi Hagia Irene.
• Nyumbayi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri padziko lapansi zakale zakale.
• Zimaphatikizapo zinthu zakale zapadziko lonse lapansi Ufumu wa Ottoman, kupereka nkhani za m’mbiri.

Njira Yomwe Mungayendere

M'mawa (9:00 AM - 12:00 PM):

• Yambani ndi Hagia Irene ikatsegukira kupewa anthu ambiri
• Pitirizani ku Topkapi Palace chifukwa hours 2-3 za kufufuza

Masana (12:00 PM - 5:00 PM):

• Chakudya chamasana Malo a Sultanahmet
• ulendo Hagia Sophia ndi Mzikiti Wabuluu
• Kumaliza ndi Chitsime cha Basilica

Madzulo:

• Onani zapafupi Grand Bazaar kapena kusangalala ndi chakudya chamadzulo ndi mawonedwe a bosphorus

Kumvetsetsa Zochitika za Hagia Irene

The Hagia Irene kutanthauza ikupitilira kumasulira kwake monga “Mtendere Woyera.” Kwa alendo, imayimira mwayi wapadera wokumana nawo Zomangamanga za Byzantine m'mawonekedwe ake enieni. Mosiyana ndi zina zazikulu zokopa ku Istanbul monga Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, Kapena Mzikiti Wabuluu, Hagia Irene imakhala ndi malo osinkhasinkha omwe amalola alendo kulumikizana moona mtima ndi tanthauzo lake lakale.

Kupulumuka kwa mpingo kupyolera mu maufumu osiyanasiyana ndi kupitiriza ntchito yake ngati a malo chikhalidwe onetsani Ku Istanbul kuthekera kosunga cholowa chake chosiyanasiyana. Mukayima pansi pake dome ndikuwona wosavuta mtanda mosaic, mukukumana ndi malo auzimu omwewo amene analandiridwa Mafumu, makolo akale, ndi nzika wamba m’mbiri yoposa zaka chikwi.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Bwino Kwambiri Paulendo Wanu

Kuyamikira kwathunthu Hagia Irene, ganizirani malangizo awa paulendo wanu:

Nthawi Zabwino Kwambiri Kukaona:

• M'bandakucha kutsegula kwa anthu ochepa
• Madzulo kwa kuwala kwa golide kumayenda kudzera pawindo
• Fufuzani ndandanda wa konsati ngati mukufuna kukumana ndi zamatsenga

Malangizo Ojambula:

• Kuwala kwachilengedwe kumapanga mithunzi yochititsa chidwi komanso yowoneka bwino
• Ganizirani tsatanetsatane wa zomangamanga ngati mitu yayikulu ndi zojambulajambula
• Lemekezani aliyense zoletsa kujambula, makamaka pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito flash

Chikhalidwe:

• Valani modzilemekeza monga chizindikiro cha kulemekeza cholowa chachipembedzo
• Lankhulani mwakachetechete kusunga mkhalidwe wolingalira
• Taganizirani za mbiri yakale za zomwe mukukumana nazo

Njira Yanu Yopita ku Byzantine Istanbul

Hagia Irene imapereka zambiri kuposa kuyimitsa kwina kwanu Istanbul njira - imapereka kulumikizana kwenikweni kwa mzindawu Byzantine kale. Pamene makamu akuthamangira pakati pa Hagia Sophia ndi Mzikiti Wabuluu, mukhoza kupeza malo opatulika amtendere amenewa amene amawasunga chikhalidwe choyambirira kwa kutha zaka 1,500.

Kaya mumakonda zomangamanga, kukokedwa ku mbiri yakale, kapena kungofuna mphindi yosinkhasinkha mwabata, Hagia Irene imapereka zochitika zomwe zipilala zina zochepa zingafanane. Zake chindapusa cholowera ndi malo abwino kupanga kupezeka kwa alendo onse, pamene zake zakuya kufunika kwa mbiriyakale zimatsimikizira kuti ulendo wanu udzakulitsa kumvetsetsa kwanu Cholowa cholemera cha chikhalidwe cha Istanbul.

Konzani ulendo wanu Hagia Irene monga gawo lanu Ulendo wa Istanbul, ndi kupeza chifukwa chake izi mwala wobisika akupitiriza kulimbikitsa alendo ochokera padziko lonse lapansi.

Mbiri ndi Kufunika kwa Hagia Irene

DzinaloHagia Irene” kumasulira ku “Mtendere Woyera” m’Chigiriki, kusonyeza cholinga chake choyambirira monga malo a Kulambira kwachikhristu. Malo opatulikawa ndi ozama mbiri yakale zomwe zikupita zaka 1,500.

Chikhristu choyambirira cha Constantinople

Hagia Irene unali umodzi mwa mipingo yoyamba kumangidwamo Constantinople, kuwononga ngakhale otchuka Hagia Sophia. Mapangidwe oyambirira adatumizidwa ndi Mfumu Constantine I mu 4th m'zaka, kupangitsa kukhala umodzi mwa matchalitchi akale kwambiri omwe adakalipo Istanbul. Mpingo unkatumikira monga mpingo tchalitchi chachikulu cha Constantinople choyamba chisanathe Hagia Sophia.

Kumanganso pansi pa Justinian

Mapangidwe apano amayambira paulamuliro wa Mfumu Justinian I (527-565 CE), yemwe adalamula kumangidwanso pambuyo poti nyumba yoyambirira idawonongeka panthawi ya Nika Ziwawa in 532 EC. Mfumu yomweyi idatipatsa zabwino Hagia Sophia adatsimikiziranso kuti Hagia Irene adzaima ngati pangano Zomangamanga za Byzantine.

Kupulumuka Kwa Mibadwo

Kodi kumathandiza Hagia Irene wapadera kwambiri ndi kupulumuka kwake kudzera mu Kugonjetsa kwa Ottoman mu 1453. Mosiyana ndi ambiri Mipingo ya Byzantine zomwe zidasinthidwa kukhala misikiti, Hagia Irene zidakhalabe zosasinthika. The Ottoman adagwiritsa ntchito ngati malo osungira zida ndi malo osungira, amene anasunga mosadziwa Zithunzi zachikhristu ndi Zomangamanga.

Nthawi Yamakono ndi Kufunika Kwa Chikhalidwe

pa Zaka za zana la 19 ndi 20, Hagia Irene adagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza nyumba Zithunzi za Imperial Museum chopereka asanalengedwe kwa Istanbul Archaeological Museums. Masiku ano, imagwira ntchito ngati a owonetsera zakale ndi malo a concert, kumene zake zachilendo zamatsenga pangani malo omwe mumakonda zisudzo za nyimbo zachikale.

Zomangamanga mwachidule za Hagia Irene

The Zomangamanga za Hagia Irene imayimira mbambande yoyambirira Mapangidwe a Byzantine, kuwonetsa zatsopano ukadaulo waukadaulo zimene zinakhudza kumanga matchalitchi mu ufumu wonsewo.

Byzantine Architectural Style

Hagia Irene chimapereka chitsanzo cha kusintha kuchokera ku chikhalidwe Basilica ya Roma kwa osiyana Mtundu wa Byzantine. Nyumbayi imaphatikiza zinthu zonse ziwiri kotenga nthawi ndi Kukonzekera kwapakati, kupanga wapadera Zomangamanga wosakanizidwa zomwe zimatsogolera kusintha kwa Hagia Sophia.

Zapadera Zamapangidwe

Tchalitchichi chimakhala ndi chosiyana mtanda-mu-mabwalo dongosolo yolembedwa ndi a nyumba yapakati. The dome imapuma zodalira-magawo opindika a katatu omwe amasintha mokongola kuchokera ku sikweya mpaka ku dome yozungulira pamwamba. Izi zomanga njira anali zosintha kwa nthawi yake ndikuwonetsa zapamwamba luso la uinjiniya of Omanga a Byzantine.

Mkati amatalika pafupifupi 100 mamita m'litali, kupangitsa kukhala imodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zatsala Mipingo ya Byzantine. The sitimayo imagawidwa ndi zazikulu mizati zomwe zimathandizira gawo la gallery, kupanga chidziwitso cha ukulu woima zomwe zimakokera diso kumtunda dome.

Zosungidwa za Mose ndi Zokongoletsa

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za Hagia Irene ndi kupulumuka kwake zithunzi za nthawi ya iconoclastic. The abscess zimakhala zosavuta koma zamphamvu mtanda mosaic, yopangidwa mu nthawi ya 8th m'zaka pamene luso lachipembedzo lophiphiritsa analetsedwa. Chojambulachi chikuyimira chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zochepa zomwe zatsala luso la iconoclastic in Istanbul.

Mpingo ulinso ndi chiyambi chake zokongoletsera za nsangalabwi, kuphatikizapo zokongola mitu yayikulu ndi zovuta mapangidwe apansi zomwe zikuwonetsa zapamwamba ndi luso la Amisiri a Byzantine.

Acoustic Properties

The Hagia Irene wokonza mapulani adapanga danga modabwitsa Amayimbidwe katundu. The dome ndi zomangira zothandizira zimapanga kukulitsa kwachilengedwe komwe kumalola ngakhale mamvekedwe akunong'oneza kunyamula mnyumba yonseyo. Izi ungwiro wamayimbidwe zimapangitsa kukhala malo abwino kwa zoimbaimba ndikufotokozera chifukwa chake ikupitiliza kuchititsa zisudzo zanyimbo lero.

Mafunso okhudza Hagia Irene

Hagia Irene nthawi zambiri amatsegulidwa kwa alendo ochokera 9: 00 AM kwa 5: 00 PM, ndi kulowa komaliza kuloledwa ola limodzi tisanatseke. Komabe, maola amatha kusiyanasiyana maholide apagulu, kotero tikulimbikitsidwa kufufuza pasadakhale.

Inde, pali wodzichepetsa ndalama zolowera kukaona Hagia Irene. The ndalama yeniyeni akhoza kusintha, choncho ndi bwino kutsimikizira malipiro apano musanakonzekere ulendo wanu.

Hagia Irene ali mosavuta ku moyo wa Istanbul, mkati mwa Malo a Sultanahmet, pafupi ndi zokopa zotchuka ngati Hagia Sophia ndi Topkapi Palace. Imafikirika mosavuta ndi zoyendera pagalimoto kapena wapansi ngati mukukhala pafupi.

Photography nthawi zambiri amaloledwa mkati mwa Hagia Irene kwa ntchito nokha; komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kung'anima or katatu akhoza kuletsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mukulemekeza malangizo aliwonse omwe ali nawo paulendo wanu.

Inde, Hagia Irene akhoza kukhala kopita kosangalatsa banja. Ana angasangalale kufufuza zomangamanga zakale, koma makolo ayenera kuwayang'anira mosamala chifukwa cha zina malo osagwirizana ndi malamulo osunga mbiri yakale.

Maulendo otsogozedwa amapezeka nthawi zambiri ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti aziyamikira mbiri yabwino ndi mawonekedwe apadera a Hagia Irene. Ambiri oyendetsa maulendo ku Istanbul akuphatikiza ngati gawo laulendo wawo.

Ulendo wopita ku Hagia Irene nthawi zambiri umatenga pafupifupi 30 kwa maminiti 60, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chidwi chanu pakufufuza tsatanetsatane wake zomangamanga ndi m'mbiri. Ngati muli pa a ulendo woyendetsedwa, nthawi imatha kusiyana pang'ono.

Hagia Irene idapangidwa koyamba munthawi ya 4th m'zaka, mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Constantine Wamkulu. Imayima ngati imodzi mwazo mipingo yakale kwambiri ku Istanbul ndipo ili ndi mbiri yomwe imadutsa zaka 1,600.

Hagia Irene idapangidwa koyamba ndi Mfumu Constantine Wamkulu. Pambuyo pake idamangidwanso ndikusinthidwa pambuyo pakuwonongeka kwakukulu panthawiyi ziwawa ndi zivomezi, koma chiyambi chake chinayambira m’nthaŵi ya Constantine.